بهینه سازی و افزایش ضریب اطمینان عملکرد آنتن های تک قطبی با بکارگیری مواد کپسوله کننده در مخابرات امن AUV

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مهندسی برق، واحد بیضا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیضا، ایران

چکیده
مقدمه:سامانه‌های شناور سطحی و زیرسطحی خودران بدون سرنشین (USV/AUV) به آنتن‌هایی با ابعاد کوچک، ضریب اطمینان بالا، ایزولاسیون مناسب و قابلیت برقراری ارتباطات امن نیاز دارند. در این پژوهش، یک آنتن تک‌قطبی کپسوله‌شده با ساختاری فشرده و دو بانده ارائه شده است که با هدف کاهش کوپلینگ متقابل، افزایش ایزولاسیون و بهبود قابلیت اطمینان در سامانه‌های دریایی خودران طراحی شده است.
روش:آنتن پیشنهادی با دو عنصر تابشی دارای شکاف، رادیاتور مشترک دایره‌ای، ساختار دمبلی برای بهبود تطبیق امپدانس و استاب صفحه زمین طراحی و روی زیرلایه اپوکسی FR4 با ثابت دی‌الکتریک 4.4 و تانژانت تلفات 0.02 پیاده‌سازی شد. ابعاد آنتن 11.4 × 5.3 × 1.6 میلی‌متر بوده و در دو فرکانس 2.4 و 5.8 گیگاهرتز عمل می‌کند. عملکرد آنتن از طریق شبیه‌سازی و اندازه‌گیری با استفاده از پارامترهای S، تلفات بازگشتی، بهره تنوعی، الگوی تابشی و ضریب همبستگی پوششی ارزیابی شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد آنتن پیشنهادی با وجود ابعاد بسیار کوچک، تطبیق امپدانس مطلوبی با تلفات بازگشتی نزدیک به 25 دسی‌بل در هر دو باند فرکانسی ارائه می‌دهد. استفاده از رادیاتور مشترک موجب کاهش قابل‌توجه ابعاد کلی آنتن شده و در عین حال عملکرد مناسب آن حفظ شده است. همچنین، نتایج شبیه‌سازی و اندازه‌گیری بهبود حدود 20 دسی‌بل در ایزولاسیون بین عناصر تابشی نسبت به ساختارهای متداول را نشان داد. علاوه بر این، الگوی تابشی مناسب، بهره تنوعی مطلوب و همبستگی پایین بین عناصر آنتن، کارایی بالای سامانه را تأیید کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: آنتن تک‌قطبی کپسوله‌شده پیشنهادی، با برخورداری از ساختار فشرده، عملکرد دو بانده، ایزولاسیون بالا و کاهش کوپلینگ متقابل، راهکاری مناسب برای ارتباطات بی‌سیم ایمن و پایدار در سامانه‌های شناور سطحی و زیرسطحی خودران بدون سرنشین ارائه می‌دهد. ویژگی‌های این آنتن، آن را به گزینه‌ای مناسب برای کاربردهای مخابراتی دریایی، سامانه‌های خودمختار و سایر تجهیزات با محدودیت فضا تبدیل می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Optimization and increasing the reliability of monopole antennas by using encapsulating materials in secure AUV communications

نویسنده English

gohar varamini
Department of Electrical Engineering, Bey. C., Islamic Azad University, Beyza, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction:Reliable and secure wireless communication is essential for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), where compact antenna systems with high isolation and stable performance are required despite severe space constraints. This study proposes a compact encapsulated monopole diversity antenna designed to improve communication reliability while minimizing mutual coupling between antenna elements.
Methods:A dual-band encapsulated monopole antenna with a shared circular radiator was designed and fabricated on an FR4 epoxy substrate (dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.02). The antenna incorporates two perpendicular feed structures, radiator slots, a dumbbell-shaped radiator, and a ground stub to enhance impedance matching and isolation. The overall antenna dimensions are 11.4 × 5.3 × 1.6 mm, operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Its performance was evaluated through simulated and experimental analyses, including S-parameters, return loss, radiation patterns, diversity gain, and envelope correlation.
Findings:The proposed antenna achieved excellent impedance matching with a return loss of approximately 25 dB at both operating frequencies. The shared-radiator configuration significantly reduced the antenna size while maintaining high performance. Both simulated and measured results demonstrated approximately 20 dB improvement in isolation compared with conventional directly coupled antenna elements. In addition, the antenna exhibited satisfactory radiation characteristics, low envelope correlation, and effective diversity performance, making it suitable for reliable wireless communication in compact platforms.
Conclusion:The proposed encapsulated dual-band monopole antenna provides a compact, lightweight, and high-isolation solution for unmanned surface and underwater platforms. Its shared-radiator architecture, enhanced impedance matching, and reduced mutual coupling improve communication reliability and system integration, making it a promising candidate for secure wireless applications in autonomous marine vehicles and other space-constrained systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

"
Encapsulating materials"
Monopole antenna"
Unmanned aerial vehicle"
, "
Return loss radiation pattern"
 
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  • تاریخ دریافت 04 تیر 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 تیر 1405