Design and construction of an optimized open-loop microstrip filter using the Ant Colony algorithm

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Student of Telecommunications and Shahed University Square

Abstract
Microstrip open-loop resonator filters are one of the most important structures used in the design of microwave and RF filters. These resonators, which are actually rectangular or square rings with a gap, are widely used in telecommunication systems such as cellular, satellite and radar systems due to their desirable characteristics. Among the advantages of these filters are miniaturization, low losses, flexibility in design, easy fabrication and low cost. In this paper, a 5th order microstrip open-loop filter with a Chebyshev architecture and a center frequency of 1300 MHz and a bandwidth of 200 MHz is presented, with the distances between the resonators optimized by the ant colony algorithm (). In this study, an open-loop microstrip filter with dimensions of one-half the wavelength was designed by the ant colony algorithm and improved the S11 parameter by at least 5 dB in the passband.

Keywords

Subjects


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Volume 4, Issue 3
Winter 2026
Pages 1-23

  • Receive Date 12 February 2026
  • Revise Date 16 February 2026
  • Accept Date 24 September 2025